Abstract

The healthcare supply chain (HSC) plays a vital role in ensuring the availability of medicines, vaccines, and medical equipment. However, it continues to face significant challenges such as limited visibility, inefficient inventory management, and a high risk of counterfeit or spoiled products. The increasing complexity of healthcare logistics requires innovative digital solutions that enhance transparency, traceability, and responsiveness. In this context, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative approach for building smart, data-driven healthcare supply chains.

IoT technologies enable real-time monitoring of medical products and logistics conditions, while AI supports intelligent analysis and predictive decision-making. This paper explores the joint applications of AI and IoT in healthcare supply chain management, reviews recent advances in the field, and identifies current gaps in interoperability, data security, and system scalability. The study also proposes a conceptual framework that outlines how the synergy between AI and IoT can improve visibility, efficiency, and resilience across healthcare operations. The results highlight the potential of AIoT integration to strengthen healthcare systems and promote more sustainable and reliable supply chain networks.